Means for projecting picture films



May 2, 193

W. A KOSKEN MEANS FOR PROJECTING PICTURE FILMS Original Filed Oct. 50, 1929 H. a i Y M N NW a ,7 A l v w u z& N 1/ i \fi i 2 W 3 HI LVNHI QM z /V+NP.\\ x @x i I. w wfi km Ma My A) M 3 a J.

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Patented May 2 1933 WILHO A. KOSKEN', OF NEW YORK, .lt'. Y

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KEANE FUR PROJEOIEING FICTURE Application filed October 30, 1929, Serial Ito. 163,490. Renewed July so, 1932.

This invention relates to motion picture projectors and more particularly to the continuous moving film type in wh1ch no shutters are employed and in which the cont nuous linear movement of the images carr ed by the film is compensated in the pro ection by compensating deflector means. Such compensating deflector means in any one embodiment is capable of compensating for only m one linear rate of image travel.

I The object of the present invention is to project motion pictures in a machine of this character from a film of a size and bearing images of a size and travelling at a linear rate of speed not necessarily in accordancewith the compensating power of the'compensating deflector means.

In carrying out this object, it is purposed to produce a'travelling secondary image from w the travelling film image to cooperate with the compensating the secondary image'to possess the quahties as to size and rate of linear travel to permit the-compensating deflector means to function.

Stated difierently, it is an object of the present invention to project motion pictures from any one of various sizes of films travelling continuously through the medium of a single compensating tion of a secondary image so that said secondary image may be and is of the predetermined size and travel for which the compensating deflector meansis adapted.

Other objects of the invention are in general to improve motion icture projectors and to provide for-the pro ection ofrmotion pictures'in a direction not necessarily at right angles to..t he film bearing the images but in a i direction substantially parallel with or at an acute angle to the plane of. the motion picture film portion being projected.

The above and further objects'olf the in-.

vention will be pointed out more particularly in the accompanying claims which are directed to an illustrative embodiment of the invention solely for purposes of illustration and not limitation. This illustrative embodiment of the invention is described in the 01- lowing. specification in connection with the deflector means and itself deflector mechanism and by so means of the expedient of the optical produc- ,in the bearings 9 and 10 formed as accompanying drawing which forms'a part hereof and in which like characters desig- 1 nate corresponding parts in the figures.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a vertical section with parts in elevation somewhat diagram-- ta matically illustrating the invention; and Fig.

2 is a detail view at right angles to that shown in Fig. l or the driving sprockets for two sizes of film. 7

Referring to the drawing, any suitable casco ing A serves to house the mechanism and is preferably of cast metal. Any suitable source or projection light 13 is employed which preferably functions through a con denser lens or lens system 1 to project a beam of light preferably at rightangles through the portion of the film 2 at the film gate 3,1 it being understoodthat the film 2 carries the usual series or progressive images, but in this machine need not be of one size.' The machine is shown threaded with the largest size film and image for which it is adapted although a smaller size is indicated in its position relatively to thefilm driving sprockets 4 and 4'.

A power or drive shaft 5 is provided for the moving parts and is conveniently fitted with a worm 6 driving the Worm wheel 7 which in turndrives the main shaft 8 for the apparatus. The shaft 8 is shown journaled a part of the sub-housing C containing the mechanical movements and mechanism for operating a series of compensating deflectors, oneof which is indicated by the character D. It is to be understood that these deflectors D are suitably driven and constrained to travel in such a way as to compensate for the predetermined linear travel of the images for which this machine is designed. The mechanism efiecting this compensating movement 9 forms specifically no part of this application but is claimed in myco-pending application. In fact, it is conceivable that such mechanism might be of a design other than my own.

The drive shaft. 8'is extended upwardly through the apparatus and is fitted at its upper end with a spiral gear 13 meshing with the spiral gear 14 on sprocket shaft 15 which drives the sprockets 4 and 4, 4 for the large m0 sized film and t for thesmaller sized film 2'. The gearing and the size of the sprocket wheels is preferably such, in combination with the image size and its spacing on the fihns,to effect the same ima e per second rate of travel for all sizes of m although the images themselves yary in size between the the primary film image. The invention, howrespective films.

In addition to the film gate 3 it is preferable to provide a slide window frame 20 provided with a plurality of windows 21 and 22, each to accord substantiall with the size of film to be illuminated by the beam from the source B. This window frame is easily manipulated into position by the thumb screw 23 which also serves to fix its adjustment across the light aperture 24 in the casing A.

Although as I have previously pointed out, the mechanism for operating the compensating deflectors D forms no part of the present invention, it is to be understood that in the present showing the feet carrying these deflectors are guided to move in parallelism with the surface 31 of the sub-housing C and may be the bounding surface of the guiding camway therefor. In the present embodiment each deflector D comprises a prism d having relatively large reflecting surfaces 32 and 33 at right angles to each other and each forming an angle of 45 with the plane 31 and the plane of the film. These prisms extend for a considerable extent vertically of the plane of Fig. 1 and by proper guiding and in proper numbers may effect substana6 .tially continuous projection.

In the functioning of the compensating de-- flector means D, the image being projected is twice reflected, once from the vertical axis 40 horizontally across from the reflectin surface 32 to the reflecting surface 33 an then vertically upward with the vertical axis 41 to suitable lenses of the lens barrel 43 which is adjustable to sharpen the image which is then reflected outwardly into the projection beam 44 by the reflector 45 shown in the form.

of a prism 46f I In accordance with the present invention,

7 instead of projecting the image from-one of the fihns 2,or 2' directly into the deflector means D, a focusing lens system is interposed between the film gate 3 and the deflector mechanism. This is indicated by the adjustable le'ns barrel E fitted withsuitable lenses 50 and adjustable by any suitable mechanism such as the thumb screw 51 working the rack and pinion 52 and 53 so as toproduce optically a secondary image I? in cooperative relation and preferably close above the path of the deflectors D. To sharpen the outline of this secondary image F it is preferable to provide a diaphragm 54 provided with the image opening 55. By means of the optical mechanism E a film image of any size within the range of the apparatus may be transformed into a secondary image F, the linear ,travel of which accords with the compensating capacity of the deflectors D. It is thus contemplated that a large image may be reduced in dimensions for the secondary image and a small image increased in dimensions for the secondary image or that the secondar image may correspond in dimensions with ever, makes'it possible in the same ap aratus to employ a single compensating de ector mechanismthrough the intermediary of a predetermined dimension of secondary image regardless of the size of the primary film image from which it is derived.

Although I have shown mechanism for What I claim and desire to secure by.

United States Letters Patent is:

1. In a pro'ecting machine for a film having a series 0 images to be projected; a film gate; means for moving a film continuously across said film gate; deflector means for compensating the projection light beam against the continuous travel of said film means for directing projection light through said film gate; optical means between said film gate and said deflector means for producing a secondary image from said film image in a fixed plane and of a predetermined size regardless of the size of a film image; and means for pro ecting said secondary image through the cooperation of said deflector means.

2. The machine as described in claim 1 and further characterized by the fact that a plurality of film driving sprockets are provided of different sizes to accord each with a particular size of film and film image. and that the mechanical connection for driving said sprockets commensurately with said compensating means accords with the various sizes of and images thereon.

3. In combination in a projecting machine, compensating deflector means tending in proecting images, to compensate against a predetermined continuous linear travel of image through I ling image of said predetermined size for 00- operation with said compensating deflector means instead of aprimary image from one of said films.

4. In a continuously moving film projecting machine compensating deflector means tending to compensate against predetermined continuous linear rate for a moving image; a source of projection light and optical means for transforming any one of a plurality of moving images moving at difierent linear rates into a secondary image moving at said predetermined rate and in cooperative relation to said deflector means.

5. lln a motion picture projecting machine means for causing the traverse through said machine of any one of a plurality oi? provided each with a series oi images of the same size; a power shalt; compensating de= flector means; mechanicalmovement means connecting said compensating deflector means with said drive shaft to compensate against the movement of an image at a predetermined linear rate of travel; sprockets for said re spective films geared to said drive shaft in such a Way that the image per second of linear travel for said films is the same regardless of the sizes of the images on said films; and optical means for producing from the images on said films secondary images travelling linearly at the predetermined compen sation rate for said compensating deflector means.

6. in a motion picture projecting machine, a drive shaft; a film gate; means mechanically connected with said drive shaft for moving a film continuously across said tilm gate; compensating -deflector means constrained to travel in a plane parallel to the plane oi at said film gate and tending to compensate against a predetermined linear rate of image travel; and optical means tor changing the film images carried by said film into the form of secondary images reproduced in cooperative relation to said detector means;

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